AWS Lake Formation

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AWS Lake Formation

Last updated on June 23, 2023

AWS Lake Formation Cheat Sheet

  • A service for managing and building data lakes.

  • It stores and catalogs data from databases and object storage before transferring it to a new S3 data lake.

  • You can also use ML algorithms to clean and classify data and secure access to sensitive data with granular controls at the column, row, and cell levels. 

How It Works

  • Identify existing data stores, such as S3 or databases, and move the data to your data lake. 

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  • The data is then crawled, cataloged, and prepared for analytics. 

  • Lastly, provide users with data access through their preferred analytics services.

Concepts

  • Data Lake 

    • A persistent data stored in Amazon S3:

      • Structured and unstructured data

      • Raw data and transformed data

    • When you register an Amazon S3 location, the S3 path and all folders under that path are registered.

  • Data Catalog

    • Persistent metadata store.

    • A repository where various systems can store and find metadata to keep track of data in data silos and use that metadata to query and transform the data. 

    • The AWS Glue Data Catalog maintains metadata about data lakes, data sources, transforms, and targets.

    • Metadata about data sources and targets is in the form of databases and tables.

      • Databases – a collection of tables.

      • Tables – information about data in the data lake.

    • You can control access to databases and tables in the data catalog using permissions.

    • Each AWS account has one Data Catalog per AWS Region.

    • Governed tables are unique to AWS Lake Formation and have the following features:

      • ACID transactions

      • Automatic data compaction

      • Time-travel queries

    • Resource links

      • Links to shared databases and tables in the external accounts

      • It is used for cross-account access to data in the data lake. 

  • Blueprint

    • A data management template to ingest data into a data lake.

    • You can use blueprints to configure the workflow by providing input such as the data source, data target, and schedule. 

    • Types of blueprints:

      • Database snapshot

      • Incremental database

      • Log file

  • Workflow

    • Defines the data source and schedule for importing data into the data lake.

    • A container for a collection of AWS Glue jobs, crawlers, and triggers.

    • Uses AWS Glue to orchestrate the loading and updating of data.

    • It can be run on-demand or on a schedule.

    • With AWS Glue directed acyclic graph (DAG), you can monitor the progress of the workflow.

AWS Lake Formation Security

  • Encrypt and decrypt data in Amazon S3 using AWS KMS.

  • Use AWS CloudTrail to capture all Lake Formation API calls.

  • Types of permissions:

    • Metadata access – for data catalog resources.

    • Underlying data access – for Amazon S3 locations.

  • You can use the credential vending API to provide temporary credentials to registered Amazon S3 locations based on effective permissions, allowing authorized engines to access data on users’ behalf. 

  • With Querying API, you can retrieve data from Amazon S3, filter the results based on effective permissions, and then share it to query engines. 

  • The service-linked role provides necessary permissions to call other AWS services on your behalf.

  • When you need to grant more permissions than the service-linked role provides, use a user-defined role.

  • You can specify, grant, and revoke permissions on tables in the data catalog. 

  • Manage your AWS Glue Data Catalog objects and data locations in Amazon S3 using the LakeFormation permissions model.

  • Use LakeFormation tag-based access control for a large number of data catalog resources.

  • You can create a data filter to restrict access to certain data in query results and engines.

AWS Lake Formation Pricing

  • You are charged for transaction requests and metadata storage.

  • You are charged for data filtering or the number of bytes scanned by the Storage API.

  • You are charged based on the number of bytes processed by the storage optimizer. 

AWS Lake Formation Cheat Sheet References:

https://aws.amazon.com/lake-formation/
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lake-formation/latest/dg/what-is-lake-formation.html

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