AWS Network Firewall

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AWS Network Firewall

Last updated on June 23, 2023

AWS Network Firewall Cheat Sheet

  • A managed service that helps deploy network protections for Amazon VPCs.

  • Provides fine-grained network traffic control that allows you to restrict outbound requests to prevent malicious activity from spreading.

  • Import previously created rules in common open source rule formats and enable integrations with managed intelligence feeds from AWS partners.

  • With AWS Firewall Manager, you can create policies based on AWS Network Firewall rules and then apply those policies centrally across your VPCs and accounts.

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Features

  • Automatically scales firewall capacity up or down based on the traffic load.

  • Supports inbound and outbound web filtering for unencrypted web traffic

  • The intrusion prevention system matches network traffic patterns to known threat signatures based on attributes.

  • Centrally deploy and manage security policies across AWS Organizations apps, VPCs, and accounts.

Concepts

  • Firewall

    • A traffic filtering logic for VPC subnets.

    • The firewall configuration provides the parameters for the Availability Zones and subnets in which the firewall endpoints are located.

    • Changes to stateful rules are applied only to new traffic flows, while stateless rules are applied to all network packets.

    • You can create, update and delete a firewall as long as you have the required permissions.

    • Supports delete protection to prevent accidental deletion.

  • Firewall policies

    • It defines the rules and other settings that will be used by a firewall to filter incoming and outgoing traffic in a VPC.

    • You can associate a firewall policy with one or more firewalls.

    • Supports one or more stateless and stateful rule groups.

    • Stateless default actions handle a packet or UDP packet fragment that doesn’t match any of the rules in the stateless rule groups

    • Stateful default actions handle a packet that doesn’t match any of the stateful rule groups’ rules.

    • Stateful engine options hold stateful rule order settings. The configuration of RuleOrder can only be done during the creation of the policy.

  • Rule groups

    • A set of rules to match against VPC traffic and actions to do when a match is discovered.

    • You can create a custom rule group or use the one that is managed by AWS.

    • The categories of rule groups are stateless and stateful.

  • A designated subnet for a firewall endpoint is called a firewall subnet.

  • A stateless rule examines a single network traffic packet without taking into account the context of other packets.

  • While the inspection of network traffic packets in the context of their traffic flow is referred to as stateful rules.

  • The regional endpoint where you will make requests to reduce data latency in your applications:

  • A firewall policy or rule group’s owner can share a resource with AWS Organizations:

    • AWS accounts within or outside of its organization

    • Organizational unit

    • Entire organization

AWS Network Firewall Monitoring

  • You can use the following monitoring tools with Network Firewall:

  • Firewall logging is only available for traffic that you route to the stateful rules engine. Traffic is forwarded to the stateful engine via stateless rule actions and default actions.

  • Using a stateful engine, you can record flow logs and alert logs.

    • Flow logs – standard network traffic flow logs.

    • Alert logs – report traffic that matches your stateful rules.

  • Logs contain the following information:

    • firewall_name 

    • availability_zone

    • event_timestamp

    • Event

  • You can configure the destinations of your logs to various AWS services:

    • Amazon S3

    • CloudWatch Logs

    • Kinesis Data Firehose

  • If your log destination uses SSE-KMS and you’re using a KMS key, you must add a key policy to the KMS key for your chosen destination to allow firewall logging to the destination.

  • Supports tagging for firewalls, firewall policies, and rule groups.

AWS Network Firewall Pricing

  • You are charged at an hourly rate for each firewall endpoint.

  • You are charged for the amount of traffic, billed by the gigabyte, processed by the firewall endpoint.

  • Data transferred across the AWS Network Firewall incur standard AWS data transfer fees.

  • For each hour that your firewall endpoint is provisioned, there is no hourly charge for NAT Gateway.

  • To avoid NAT gateway data processing charges, set up a gateway VPC endpoint and route traffic to and from S3 via the VPC endpoint rather than a NAT gateway. There are no data processing or hourly charges for using gateway VPC endpoints.

 

AWS Network Firewall Cheat Sheet References:

https://aws.amazon.com/network-firewall/

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